Zikafikakuyatsa kwabwalo lakunja, kusankha koyenera kwazitsulo n'kofunika kwambiri kuti muwonetsetse kuti kuwoneka bwino, chitetezo ndi ntchito. Kaya mukuyatsa bwalo la mpira, bwalo la baseball, kapena njanji, kuyatsa kwabwino kumatha kukhudza kwambiri zochitika za othamanga ndi owonera. M'nkhaniyi, tiwona zinthu zofunika kuziganizira posankha zowunikira panja pabwalo lamasewera.
1. Kumvetsetsa zofunikira zowunikira
Musanalowe mwatsatanetsatane za kusankha kwa masewera, ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa zofunikira zowunikira pamasewera anu enieni. Masewera osiyanasiyana ali ndi zosowa zosiyanasiyana zowunikira malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa mpikisano, kukula kwa malo ndi nthawi ya mpikisano. Mwachitsanzo, bwalo la mpira waukatswiri lingafunike mulingo wapamwamba kwambiri (woyezedwa ndi lumens pa sikweya mita) kuposa bwalo la baseball baseball.
Miyezo yoyambirira yapamwamba pamasewera:
- Mpira: 500-1000 lux pamasewera amateur; 1500-2000 lux pamasewera akatswiri.
- Baseball: 300-500 lux kwa amateurs; 1000-1500 lux kwa akatswiri.
- Athletics: 300-500 lux panthawi yophunzitsidwa; 1000-1500 lux pa mpikisano.
Kumvetsetsa zofunikira izi kukuthandizani kudziwa mtundu ndi kuchuluka kwa masewero ofunikira pabwalo lanu.
2. Sankhani kuwala koyenera
Pankhani ya kuyatsa kwabwalo lakunja, pali mitundu ingapo yazitsulo zomwe muyenera kuziganizira:
a. Kuwala kwa LED
Magetsi a LED akuchulukirachulukira pakuwunikira pamasewera akunja chifukwa cha mphamvu zawo zambiri, moyo wautali komanso kutsika mtengo kosamalira. Amapereka kuwala, ngakhale kuwala ndipo amatha kuzimiririka mosavuta kapena kusinthidwa kuti akwaniritse zosowa zenizeni. Kuonjezera apo, luso lamakono la LED lapita patsogolo mpaka likhoza kutulutsa kuwala kwapamwamba komwe kumachepetsa kuwala, komwe kuli kofunikira kwa othamanga ndi owonera.
b. Metal halide nyali
Nyali za Metal halide nthawi zonse zakhala zosankha zachikhalidwe pakuwunikira masewera. Amakhala ndi mawonekedwe abwino kwambiri amtundu komanso kutulutsa kwa lumen, kuwapangitsa kukhala oyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo akuluakulu. Komabe, amadya mphamvu zambiri kuposa ma LED ndipo amakhala ndi moyo waufupi, zomwe zingapangitse kuti pakhale ndalama zambiri zogwirira ntchito pakapita nthawi.
c. High pressure sodium (HPS) nyale
Nyali za HPS ndi njira ina, yomwe imadziwika chifukwa champhamvu komanso moyo wautali. Komabe, kuwala kwachikasu komwe amatulutsa sikungakhale koyenera pamasewera onse, makamaka omwe amafunikira mawonekedwe olondola amtundu.
3. Ganizirani za ngodya ya mtengo
Mbali yamtengo wa luminaire ndi chinthu china chofunikira pakuwunikira panja pabwalo lamasewera. Ngodya yopapatiza imatha kuyang'ana kuwala pamalo enaake, pomwe mbali yotakata imatha kuwunikira malo okulirapo. Kwa mabwalo amasewera, kuphatikiza ziwirizi kungakhale kofunikira kuwonetsetsa kuti madera onse akuyatsa mokwanira popanda kupanga mawanga amdima.
Malangizo osankha ma angle a Beam:
- Narrow Beam Angle: Yoyenera kuyatsa patali pomwe pakufunika kuwala kolunjika.
- Wide beam angle: Yoyenera kuyatsa malo ambiri kuti iphimbe malo okulirapo.
4. Onani kutentha kwa mtundu
Kutentha kwamtundu kumayesedwa ndi Kelvin (K) ndipo kumakhudza momwe kuwala kumawonekera m'chilengedwe. Pakuwunikira pabwalo lamasewera panja, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti kutentha kwamtundu kukhale pakati pa 4000K ndi 6000K. Mtundu uwu umapereka kuwala koyera kowala komwe kumapangitsa kuwonekera komanso kumachepetsa kutopa kwamaso kwa othamanga ndi owonera.
Ubwino wa kutentha kwamtundu wapamwamba:
- Kuwoneka bwino komanso kumveka bwino.
- Kuwongolera kwamitundu kuti mugwire bwino ntchito.
- Amachepetsa kunyezimira, komwe kumakhala kofunikira pakuthamanga kwausiku.
5. Unikani kulimba komanso kukana kwanyengo
Kuyatsa kwabwalo lakunja kuyenera kupirira nyengo zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza mvula, matalala ndi kutentha kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kusankha zida zomwe zimakhala zolimba komanso zolimbana ndi nyengo. Yang'anani zida zokhala ndi chitetezo chokwera kwambiri (IP), zomwe zikuwonetsa kuthekera kwawo kukana fumbi ndi chinyezi.
Mulingo wa IP wovomerezeka:
- IP65: yosagwira fumbi komanso ndege yamadzi.
- IP67: Imatetezedwa ndi fumbi ndipo imapirira kumizidwa m'madzi.
6. Kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ndi kukhazikika
Pomwe mtengo wamagetsi ukukwera komanso zovuta zachilengedwe zikuchulukirachulukira, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kwakhala chinthu chofunikira kwambiri posankha zowunikira pamabwalo amasewera akunja. Magetsi a LED ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yopangira mphamvu, pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepera 75% kuposa njira zowunikira zachikhalidwe. Kuphatikiza apo, lingalirani zosintha zomwe zimagwirizana ndi zowongolera zowunikira mwanzeru, zomwe zimaloleza kuzimiririka ndikukonzekera kuti zichepetse kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu.
7. Kuyika ndi kukonza
Pomaliza, ganizirani za kukhazikitsa ndi kukonza njira yowunikira yomwe mwasankha. Magetsi ena angafunike kuyika mwapadera, pomwe ena amatha kuyika mosavuta. Komanso, ganizirani zofunika kukonzanso kwa nthawi yayitali, kuphatikizapo kusintha mababu ndi kuyeretsa. Kusankha zopangira za LED kungapangitse kuti musamasamalidwe pafupipafupi chifukwa amakhala nthawi yayitali.
Pomaliza
Kusankha choyenerazopangira zowunikira panja pabwalo lamasewerazimafunika kuganizira mozama zinthu zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo zofunika kuunikira, mtundu fixture, ngodya mtengo, mtundu kutentha, durability, mphamvu mphamvu ndi kukonza. Pokhala ndi nthawi yowunika zinthu izi, mutha kupanga malo owala bwino omwe amakulitsa luso la othamanga ndi owonera, kuwonetsetsa kuti masewera aliwonse amasewera pamikhalidwe yabwino. Kaya mukukweza malo omwe alipo kapena mukupanga yatsopano, njira yoyenera yowunikira imapangitsa kusiyana konse.
Nthawi yotumiza: Sep-26-2024
